app/app/Models/User.php

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use App\Models\Scopes\BelongsToPlanner;
use Database\Factories\UserFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsToMany;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasManyThrough;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

/**
 * @property int $id
 * @property int $planner_id
 * @property string $name
 * @property Collection<Dish> $dishes
 * @property Collection<UserDish> $userDishes
 * @method static User findOrFail(int $user_id)
 * @method static UserFactory factory($count = null, $state = [])
 * @method static create(array $array)
 * @method static where(string $string, int|string|null $id)
 */
class User extends Model
{
    /** @use HasFactory<UserFactory> */
    use HasFactory;

    protected $fillable = [
        'planner_id',
        'name',
    ];

    protected static function booted(): void
    {
        static::addGlobalScope(new BelongsToPlanner);
    }

    public function dishes(): BelongsToMany
    {
        return $this->belongsToMany(Dish::class, 'user_dishes', 'user_id', 'dish_id');
    }

    public function userDishes(): HasMany
    {
        return $this->hasMany(UserDish::class);
    }

    public function recurrences(): HasManyThrough
    {
        return $this->hasManyThrough(
            UserDishRecurrence::class,
            UserDish::class,
            'user_id',           // Foreign key on user_dishes
            'user_dish_id',      // Foreign key on user_dish_recurrences
            'id',                // Local key on users
            'id'                 // Local key on user_dishes
        );
    }
}